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| Bali,J.; Thakur,R.. |
| Botulinum toxin is the most potent toxin known. It is readily absorbed from mucosal surfaces. If dispersed as an aerosol or mixed in the food or water it can lead to a large outbreak of botulism. The disease presents as a symmetric descending paralysis in an afebrile patient. Cranial nerve involvement with diplopia, dysarthria, dysphonia, dysphagia and respiratory paralysis is seen after a variable incubation period. The treatment is mainly supportive. The source of the toxin is Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming organism. Some other species of Clostridium like C. butyricum and C. baratii also produce the toxin. The toxin is heat labile and can be inactivated by heating at 100°C for 10 minutes. The toxin acts at the peripheral... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Botulinum toxin; Mechanism of action; Botulism; Therapeutics. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000400003 |
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| Motheo,Tathiana Ferguson; Alves,Aracélle Elisane; Mostachio,Giuliano Queiroz; Apparício,Maricy; Ribeiro,Alexandre Pinto; Souza,Fabiana Ferreira de; Lopes,Maria Denise; Vicente,Wilter Ricardo Russiano. |
| This study aimed to determine the effects of different concentrations of botulinum toxin type A (BT-A) on semen parameters, and seminal plasma biochemical and protein profiles of dogs with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Eighteen sexually intact male dogs with BPH were randomly divided in three groups, and received an intraprostatic injection of saline solution (control group - CG), 250UI (GI) or 500UI (GII) of BT-A under transabdominal ultrasound guidance. Semen was collected at baseline, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. Semen parameters were determined and seminal plasma pH, total protein (TP), total chlorides (TC), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), and sodium (Na) concentrations were assessed. One-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrilamide gel... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Botulinum toxin; Prostate; Seminal plasma; Dog. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782014000600026 |
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| Lee,Je-Hun; Jeon,Anna; Seo,ChangMin; Kim,Sooil; Jeong,Young-Gil. |
| The aim of this study was to elucidate the injection point on the teres minor (TM) for effective injection. Thirty-two specimens from 16 adult Korean cadavers (10 males and 6 females, age ranging from 42 to 102 years) were used in the study. The reference line between the inferior point on the inferior angle of the scapula (IA) and the most prominent point on the acromial angle of the scapula (AA) on the surface were identified. The measurements expressed the two above-mentioned parameters as X and Y coordinates in relation to the reference line. The X coordinate was located at 128.1±10.4 mm (78.1±5.7 %) and the Y coordinate was located at 25.3±7.6 mm (15.5±4.8 %). The recommended site according to this can be used for injections in patients with TM... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Teres minor; Nerve branch; Botulinum toxin; Injection. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000200028 |
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